Nonrandom selection in one-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) results in biased estimates and inflated type I error rates only when the selection effects are sufficiently large.In two-sample MR, the different selection mechanisms in two samples may more seriously affect the causal effect estimation.Firstly, we propose sufficient conditions for cau
The Eurasian perch Perca fluviatilis (Linnaeus, 1758) is a common species of fish in northern ecosystems.The species demonstrates high phenotypic diversity when it inhabits various types of water bodies.Here, we investigate whether there is a relationship between the genetic variability and phenotypic diversity in natural perch populations.Perca fl
Inflammatory neuropathies represent disabling human autoimmune disorders with considerable disease variability.Animal models provide insights into defined aspects of their disease pathogenesis.Forkhead box P3 (FoxP3)+ regulatory T lymphocytes (Treg) are anti-inflammatory cells that maintain immune tolerance and counteract tissue damage in a variety
In this paper, a generalized particle swarm optimization (GPSO) algorithm was applied to the problems of optimal control of high Long Term Care Bed Accessories speed low cost interior permanent magnet motor (IPMSM) drives.In order to minimize the total controllable electrical losses and to increase the efficiency, the optimum current vector referen
The objective of this work is to investigate the air flow distribution in conventional tray dryer and modified dryer using computational fluid dynamics.Simplified model of drying chamber with assumptions was used for simulation.Grid independence study and model validation were performed with the model of conventional tray dryer.Relative error of mo